All the political parties registered by Russia’s Central Election Committee will participate in the December parliamentary polls, the Committee’s secretary, Nikolai Konkin, said on Thursday.

“It is the first time since 1993 when all the registered parties will take part in the State Duma elections,” Konkin said.

Last week, Russian opposition Party of People’s Freedom (PARNAS), led by several outspoken Kremlin critics including Boris Nemtsov, was refused registration and will not appear on ballots in the December 4 elections.

Other opposition parties, including The Other Russia, and ROT Front were also refused registration.

Nemtsov has urged the public to protest the election - by voting for any party other than the ruling United Russia party.

Russian voters were previously able to vote "against all," but that option was removed from the ballot in 2006.