The court granted a request by Russia's top prosecutors.
"The Supreme Court, having considered in a closed session the Prosecutor General's Office request to protect Russia's interests by ruling the activities international religious organization Nurcular extremist, and to ban its activities on Russian territory, decided to grant the office's request," the court said.
Representatives of the Prosecutor General's Office, Justice Ministry and Federal Security Service attended the session, but Nurcular was not represented.
The ruling can be appealed within 10 days.
According to international intelligence data, Nurcular members are connected with the Gray Wolves organization that some consider to be a terrorist group. Nurcular members include wealthy businessmen with substantial political influence in Turkey and abroad.
Russian law enforcement officers said over 20 Turkish followers of Nurcular were deported from Russia in 2002-2004.
A Moscow court ruled in May last year that translations of 14 books by Said Nursi, the sect leader, were extremist literature.
