"During the visit, Lugar will hold a number of meetings with officials," a source in the U.S. Embassy in Moscow said.
The visit is due to last until Saturday.
Lugar, 76, who has been called by media U.S. President-elect Barack Obama's mentor in the Senate, has called on Russia and the U.S. to "conclude negotiations to ensure that the Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty [START-1] does not expire."
"Failure to preserve the START Treaty would increase the potential for distrust between the two sides," he said earlier this year.
Russia and the United States held another round of talks in Moscow on Monday on a new document to replace the 1991 START-1 Treaty, which expires in 2009, as well as missile defense in Europe and issues of non-proliferation.
"We managed to finish our joint work with the outgoing U.S. administration with satisfactory results and to build a definite base for continuing work next year, bearing in mind that we need to draft a legally binding agreement to replace the START-1 treaty and find a compromise on the U.S. missile shield in Europe by the end of next year," a Russian deputy foreign minister, Sergei Ryabkov, said at a news conference after the talks.
