The court also ordered Sergei Karaulnykh to pay a 100,000 ruble ($4,000) fine and suspended his captain's license for three years.
The coast guards detained the vessel flying a Cambodian flag in the Sea of Okhotsk on suspicion of poaching after an eight-hour chase on April 13. An onboard inspection revealed a 13-ton catch of live crabs without any accompanying documentation.
Russian authorities have been involved in several disputes in recent years over fishing rights in its Far East waters.
On September 19, a court gave the captain of another Cambodian trawler to an 18-month suspended sentence after his vessel illegally shipped and transported 5,700 red king crabs in Russia's exclusive economic zone.
In August 2006, the captain of a Japanese trawler was arrested near the Kuril Islands off Russia's Pacific Coast in an incident in which one of his crewmates was shot and killed by Russian coast guards.
