On Wednesday the premier will meet with President Vladimir Putin in the Kremlin.
A Greek government spokesman told a press briefing in Athens that the meeting with Putin would address "a broad range of bilateral issues, with a focus on the energy sector."
The countries' main joint energy projects are an oil pipeline to be built across the Balkans, and a natural gas pipeline under the Black Sea.
Russia, Bulgaria, and Greece signed a memorandum on the Burgas-Alexandroupolis oil pipeline in April 2005. Once completed, the pipeline will pump 35 million metric tons of oil a year (257.25 million bbl), a volume that could eventually be increased to 50 million metric tons (367.5 million bbl).
The South Stream natural gas pipeline is set to cover over 900 km (560 miles) under the Black Sea from Russia to Bulgaria and supply 30 billion cu m of gas annually to the European Union. Possible routes for the land section, which will pass through Greece, are still being discussed.
Reports earlier said the premier was likely to discuss the delivery of BMP-3 infantry fighting vehicles from Russia.
A high-ranking Russian military source told RIA Novosti last Thursday that a contract to sell around 415 of the vehicles to Greece could be ready by the end of this year.
During his visit, Karamanlis is also expected to discuss the future status of Kosovo, relations between Russia and the European Union, and the Iranian nuclear problem.
