Abkhazia celebrates its independence day on Tuesday. The holiday marks 15 years since the breakaway republic forced Georgian troops out of the republic.
The Russian president pledged "maximum assistance in security, economic development and creating conditions for a decent life for people" in his letter to congratulate his Abkhazian counterpart Sergei Bagapsh on independence day.
Russia acknowledged Abkhazia and South Ossetia, another breakaway Georgian republic, as independent states on August 26.
The move followed a five-day war between Russia and Georgia over South Ossetia that began when Georgian forces attacked South Ossetia on August 8. The Georgian attack, aimed at regaining control of the breakaway region, left hundreds of civilians dead and the regional capital, Tskhinvali, in ruins.
Both Russia's response to Georgia's attack on South Ossetia and its subsequent recognition of the republics were criticized by Western powers.
Russia recently established diplomatic relations and signed agreements on friendship, cooperation and mutual assistance with the republics.